תאוריה של מחלת סרטן ע"פ מארק סוואנפול

מארק מדרום אפריקה הוא אחד המטפלים הידועים בתחום של הרדוף בהקשר של סרטן ואיידס.הא גם ערך מחקר שהראה ריברסל של איידס בחולים שלקחו את התוסף שלו לעומת קוקטייל. בכל מקרה הנה משהו שהוא כתב בקשר לתאוריה של מחלת סרטן NAC ועוד: A number of articles have been written advising people against the use of NAC for cancer. This advice has more to do with a specific theory of cancer than actual cell physiology. If one believes, like 99% of oncologists, that cancer is due to the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells (whose abnormality is caused by a range of carcinogens - see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002267/), and that the demise of these 'abnormal' cells can be brought about by, among other things, inducing apoptosis or 'cell suicide' of these cells, then this caution against the use of NAC makes some sense. However, there are MANY theories of cancer. One of them (which makes the most sense to me) is that the body has not been designed to kill itself and that cancer is simply a mechanism that the body uses to protect cells from dying when they are under oxidative stress. As can be seen below, this 'oxidative stress' situation does not just happen randomly. The Apoptosis/Necrosis Theory (I wrote this some time ago and it has appeared here before) All cells require energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). This substance cannot be stored in the cells and at any stage we have enough to last for about 3 to 5 seconds. It is thus a continuous process. A few billion years ago, primitive cells (eukaryotes) evolved the process of producing ATP energy without the use of oxygen by a process of glycolysis. Later on in the evolutionary process, when oxygen became part of the atmosphere, certain types of bacteria evolved a much more efficient way of producing ATP by utilizing oxygen through a process known as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). This new process was roughly 20 times more efficient than the glycolysis process. Approximately two billion years ago, these bacteria and the original eukaryotes fused into a symbiotically functioning and more complex cell system. Researchers now acknowledge that the bacterial component of cells is the cellular mitochondria. All cells, with the exclusion of red blood cells, can have thousands of the mitochondria. These new "symbionts" can switch between the two systems of ATP production, depending on the demands of the cells. During the fetal stage and repair of cell damage, it switches to the ATP production from glucose in the cytoplasm. During the cell differentiation stage, it switches to the OXPHOS system of oxidative ATP production in the cell mitochondria. The switching system itself is controlled by an intricate signaling system that depends on the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane and its influence on the Ca 2+ cycle, the electrical charge across the mitochondrial membrane and other factors. All these factors, in turn, are modulated by the so-called thiol pool of which glutathione is the most important component (the Cysteine in NAC is used to produce Glutathione in the body). When body cells are under oxidative or nitrosative stresses caused by environmental factors and/or life style, the thiol pool (especially glutathione) normally gets depleted and, with it, the ability of the mitochondria to produce ATP through the OXPHOS system. As a defensive measure, the mitochondrial switch puts the cells into the more primitive way of survival by reverting to the much less efficient enzymatic production of ATP in the cytoplasm. If the aforementioned stresses are chronic, the switch remains in this position and we call the condition "cancer" - identified by the undifferentiated division of cells. If the cut-off of ATP production by the OXPHOS system is sudden, the cells will die and the process is known as 'necrosis' or sudden cell death. If it is more gradual, the affected cells can 'commit suicide', a process know as 'apoptosis'. Treatments like the acetogenins in Paw-Paw extract, Graviola and similar plants, Cantron, Protocel, as well as certain chemotherapy drugs like Tarceva, have the effect of reducing the ATP in all cells and it is then hoped that the described 'apoptosis' of cancer cells will take place. Because of the fact that the ATP production of ALL cells is reduced, one can feel very tired when using these supplements. Another very important fact is that the apoptosis of cancer cells will only take place if the mitochondrial membrane is still permeable and the CA 2+ cycle is still working. In all advanced cancers, this permeability is blocked as part of the defence mechanism of cells and apoptosis CANNOT take place, however much Paw-Paw extract or any ATP reducing supplement one takes. One can thus see that the treatment will work in some cases where the cancer is at a stage where the mitochondrial switch is still fluctuating between the two methods of ATP production. This 'window of opportunity' is relatively short and when metastases have appeared, it is normally a sign that the mitochondrial membranes are blocked. The only alternative is then to reactivate the mitochondrial switch by getting rid of the oxidative and nitrosative stresses, and by topping up the depleted glutathione. Nothing else will work. The danger in using substances that will reduce ATP and/or glutathione is twofold. As the reduction of ATP and/or glutathione is not restricted to cancer cells it can (a) result in cells that are not yet cancerous becoming cancerous and (b) result in fungal and bacterial overgrowth that can be dangerous for weakened patients. If one looks up the known side-effects of the chemotherapy drug Tarceva, for example, one will see that they are all associated with a reduction in energy and the inability of cells to defend themselves against internal pathogens (fatigue, rash, infection, mouth sores, etc). The easiest way to overcome glutathione depletion is through the use of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC). Glutathione consists of the amino acids cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine but it is the cysteine that is normally the limiting factor. It is also important to know that it is the reduced form of glutathione (known as GSH) that is the most important anti-oxidant in the body. Selenium is also very important because it is required in the glutathione peroxidase enzymes that are part of the process. The NAC articles mention the role of 'Reactive Oxygen Species' (ROS) produced by cancer cells in bringing about apoptosis or cell-suicide (ROS are commonly known as 'free radicals' and are produced in many metabolic processes). NAC produces glutathione and glutathione neutralizes ROS. That is the main reason why the NAC is, according to the orthodox theory, not wanted. The alternative cancer theory sees ROS as the cause of cancer. It is precisely because of the chronic 'oxidative stress' brought on by ROS when there is a depletion of glutathione that cells become cancer cells as an evolutionary protection mechanism. Therefore to advocate the process that (according to the alternative theory of cancer) is the cause of cancer, is to confuse cause with effect and is, in my opinion, very dangerous. And unlike the way it is portrayed in some of the articles, the above information is not based on ancient research, but on research done in the late 80s, the 90s and more recently. I would suggest that people who want to get a better understanding of the alternative theory, read the book by Dr Heinrich Kremer, "The Silent Revolution in Cancer and AIDS Medicine". Hope this sheds a bit of light on the 'stay-away-from-NAC-during-cancer' advice of some practitioners. Regards, Marc Swanepoel

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