כניסה להריון

בארבעים השנה האחרונות התפרסמו מחקרים רבים שהראו כי בגראס יש חומרים שפוגעים ביצור הזרע. מעבר להיבטים החוקיים, מומלץ לגברים שמוטרדים מאיכות הזרע שלהם להימנע משימוש בגראס. השימוש בגראס לא מומלץ גם בהריון, למרות שהוא לא מזיק הרבה יותר מעישון סיגריות, ובודאי מסוכן פחות משתיית אלכוהול. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2000 May-Jun;22(3):325-36 Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10. Goldschmidt L, Day NL, Richardson GA. This is a prospective study of the effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10. The sample consisted of low-income women attending a prenatal clinic. Half of the women were African-American and half were Caucasian. The majority of the women decreased their use of marijuana during pregnancy. The assessments of child behavior problems included the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher's Report Form (TRF), and the Swanson, Noland, and Pelham (SNAP) checklist. Multiple and logistic regressions were employed to analyze the relations between marijuana use and behavior problems of the children, while controlling for the effects of other extraneous variables. Prenatal marijuana use was significantly related to increased hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention symptoms as measured by the SNAP, increased delinquency as measured by the CBCL, and increased delinquency and externalizing problems as measured by the TRF. The pathway between prenatal marijuana exposure and delinquency was mediated by the effects of marijuana exposure on inattention symptoms. These findings indicate that prenatal marijuana exposure has an effect on child behavior problems at age 10. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1999 Sep-Oct;21(5):513-25 Growth from birth to early adolescence in offspring prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marijuana. Fried PA, Watkinson B, Gray R. Weight, height, and head circumference were examined in children from birth to early adolescence for whom prenatal exposure to marijuana and cigarettes had been ascertained. The subjects were from a low-risk, predominantly middle-class sample participating in an ongoing longitudinal study. The negative association between growth measures at birth and prenatal cigarette exposure was overcome, sooner in males than females, within the first few years, and by the age of six, the children of heavy smokers were heavier than control subjects. Pre and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke did not have a negative effect upon the growth parameters; however, the choice of bottle-feeding or shorter duration of breast-feeding by women who smoked during pregnancy appeared to play an important positive role in the catch-up observed among the infants of smokers. Prenatal exposure to marijuana was not significantly related to any growth measures at birth, although a smaller head circumference observed at all ages reached statistical significance among the early adolescents born to the heavy marijuana users.