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היה דיווח אחד שקשר בין טיפול של הרבה יותר מעשרה מחזורי איקקלומין עם סרטן שחלות, אך מחקרים רבים אחרים שללו כל קשר בין סרטן לתרופה זו שנמצאת בשימוש רחב מאד כבר עשרות שנים. Ovulation induction and risk of endometrial cancer: a pilot study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2001 Sep;98(1):53-7 Benshushan A, Paltiel O, Brzezinski A, Tanos V, Barchana M, Shoshani O, Gordon L, Tsur L, Schenker JG. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether women with endometrial carcinoma are more likely to have been exposed to fertility drugs, in particular clomiphene, than healthy population controls. STUDY DESIGN: A nationwide case-control, pilot study. About 128 living women 35-64 years old, with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma that was first diagnosed and reported to The Israel Cancer Registry between 1 January 1989 and 31 December 1992 were enrolled. The controls were 255 women from the same dialing areas selected by random digit dialing. A variety of demographic and clinical parameters were compared between cases and controls. A multivariate logistic model, controlling for age, was used to assess the independent effects of factors found to be significantly associated with endometrial cancer on univariate analysis. RESULTS: About 7 women with endometrial carcinoma (5.5%) and 10 healthy controls (3.9%) reported that they had used any fertility drug (crude odds ratio (OR) 1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-4.2). Use of fertility drugs did not meet the criteria for entry into the logistic model. The following parameters were found to be independently associated with endometrial cancer controlling for age, European-American background OR=2.2, (95% CI 1.3-3.7, P=0.004); nulliparity OR=2.7 (95% CI 1.1-6.5, P=0.03); history of infertility OR=1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.3, P=0.05); BMI> or =27 OR=2.3 (95% CI 1.4-3.9, P=0.001). The use of oral contraceptives and IUD were found to be protective, OR=0.29 and 0.37, respectively, (95% CI 0.14-0.61, P=0.001 and 0.19-0.70, P=0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that the use of ovulation induction agents, including clomiphene citrate, are associated with a higher risk of endometrial carcinoma. The association between infertility drugs and endometrial carcinoma should be examined in other, larger studies. Treatment for infertility and risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. Parazzini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C, Moroni S, Franceschi S, Crosignani PG. Hum Reprod 1997 Oct;12(10):2159-61 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. The relationship between the use of fertility drugs and the risk of ovarian cancer was analysed using data from an Italian case-control study. The study comprised 971 women below the age of 75 years with histologically confirmed invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed within the year before the interview. The controls were 2758 women admitted to the same network of hospitals where the cases of ovarian cancer had been identified. Five cases (0.5%) and 11 controls (0.4%) reported use of fertility drugs. In comparison with women who had never used fertility drugs, the multivariate odds ratio (OR) for women who had taken fertility drugs was 1.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4-3.3]. The OR were 0.7 (95% CI 0.1-7.9) and 1.0 (95% CI 0.2-3.8) for women who had used fertility drugs for or =6 cycles respectively. Considering the 14 cases and 45 controls reporting difficulty in conception, the risk of ovarian cancer was 0.5 (95% CI 0.1-3.6) for women who reported use of fertility drugs. Considering nulliparous women only, the estimated OR of ovarian cancer for any fertility drug use was 0.6 (95% CI 0.1-3.5). Although the present results have limitations in terms of statistical power and available information, they provide reassuring evidence of the absence of a strong association between fertility drugs and subsequent risk of developing epithelial ovarian cancer.